Λεξικό .. Aminophylline

Aminophylline

Aminophylline is a stable mixture of combination of theophylline and ethylenediamine; the ethylenediamine confers greater solubility in water. Indications: reversible airways obstruction, severe acute asthma. Side effects: See under Theophylline; allergy to ethylenediamine can cause urticaria, erythema, and exfoliative dermatitis. Dose: tabs aminophylline 100mg; by mouth,  100-300mg, 3-4 times daily, after food. Injection, aminophylline 25mg/ml: Dose: by slow intravenous injection (over 20 minutes), 250-500mg (5mg/kg) when necessary; maintenance, if required, in patients not previously treated with theophylline, 500 micrograms/kg/hour by slow intravenous infusion. CHILD: by slow intravenous injection (over 20 minutes), 5mg/kg; 9 years 1mg/kg/hour, 10-16 years 800 micrograms/kg/hour by slow intravenous infusion. (See also under Theophylline) [1].

The effect of gender on theophylline clearance was investigated by Igarashi T, Iwakawa S.(2009) retrospectively in 96 Japanese pediatric patients (63 males and 33 females) ranging in age from 0.5 to 8 years and in weight from 6.3 to 36.8 kg. All patients received intravenous constant-rate infusion of aminophylline in the asthmatic acute phase. The theophylline clearances in males and females were 56.2+/-15.4 and 50.1+/-14.2 ml/h/kg for ages 0.5-<2 years, 58.7+/-18.8 and 48.3+/-6.5 ml/h/kg for ages 2-<4 years, and 65.7+/-12.0 and 52.1+/-16.8 ml/h/kg for ages 4-<9 years, respectively. At ages from 2 to 8 years, the theophylline clearance was 20% higher in males than in females (p<0.05). These  findings suggested that the initial dosage of theophylline should be adjusted according to the gender of pediatric patients and particularly in the case of infants [2].

References

1. BNF No. 24 (Sept. 1992), p. 121.

2. Igarashi T, Iwakawa S. Effect of gender on theophylline clearance in the asthmatic acute phase in Japanese pediatric patients. Biol Pharm Bull. 2009 Feb;32(2):304-7