Λεξικό .. Albuterol

Albuterol

A selective β2 agonist with minimal cardiovascular effects and prolonged duration of action. It can be given orally (tablet or syrup) and with metered-dose inhaler (2-4mg t.i.d. initially; maximum 8mg t.i.d.) and with metered-dose inhaler (2 actuations, q.4-6 hr). The oral route of administration is recommended only for children 12 years of age or older. Metered-dose inhaler is not recommended officially for use in children. By some investigators it is described a loss of approximately 30% to 50% in the duration of bronchodilatory activity with albuterol, because of tolerance. Any tolerance that may develop is probably selective and nonprogressive, and probably rarely compromises treatment. Albuterol has a duration of action of at least 8 hours. Albuterol is suggested in mild and moderate to severe asthma. Acute administration of albuterol was better prophylaxis for exercise-induced bronchospasm than acute or chronic cromolyn treatment. The weight change per actuation and aerosol particle size and number delivered by albuterol metered dose inhalers (MDIs) were measured in a multiplace hyperbaric chamber at pressures ranging from one atmosphere absolute (1 ATA, 0 feet of seawater, fsw, 101 kPa) to three ATA (66 fsw, 304 kPa). The weight change per actuation of albuterol and the sizes and numbers of aerosol particles emitted from albuterol MDIs actuated in a hyperbaric environment vary by canister type.

References

1. Rohr AS, Siegel SC, Katz RM, Rachelefsky GS, Spector SL, Lanier R. A comparison of inhaled albuterol and cromolyn in the prophylaxis of exercise-induced bronchospasm. Ann Allergy. 1987 Aug;59(2):107-9.

2. Johnson GA, Gutti VR, Loyalka SK, O'Beirne KA 2nd, Cochran SK, Dale HM, Kracke GR. Albuterol metered dose inhaler performance under hyperbaric pressures. Undersea Hyperb Med. 2009 Jan-Feb;36(1):55-63.