Dictionary of Allergies .. Nitric oxide production in anaph

Nitric oxide production in anaph

Nitric oxide plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of anaphylaxis. Histamine along with other mediators, such as leukotrienes, tumor necrosis factor, and platelet-activating factor, induce the production of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide can inhibit the release and effects of catecholamines.

Sympathetic amines may inhibit production of nitric oxide. Studies in animals have demonstrated the generation of nitric oxide during anaphylaxis. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase improves survival in an animal model of anaphylaxis. Nitric oxide causes vasodilation indirectly by increasing the activation of guanylyl cyclase, which then causes smooth muscle relaxation by increasing the concentration of smooth muscle cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Methylene blue is an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase, which increases systemic vascular resistance and reverses shock in animal studies.

References

Evora PR, Simon MR (2007) reviewed the previously reported successful treatment with methylene blue of 11 patients with anaphylactic hypotension is.